UPSC MAINS 2018 DAF

DAF for mains 2018 has been out
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Questions for 10 July 2018 Zoology

Q:-1 What is nucleic acid? Discuss their chemical structure. (15) Q:-2 Discuss various types of Motifs. Comment on their significance. (15) Q:-3 What is the defensive structure of cnidarians? Discuss its structure with suitable diagrams. Add note on their significance. (20) Q:-4 Discuss the features of Cnidarians. Classify the phylum with suitable examples. (20) Q:-5 What is coral reef? Discuss the anthropogenic implications on them. Give their various theories of origin. (20)
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Environment & Ecology JULY Week-1

Nipah virus The Nipah virus infection is a newly emerging  zoonosis , that is, a disease transmitted from animals to humans  as stated by the WHO . The virus belongs to a new genus termed Henipavirus (subfamily Paramyxovirinae). It was first reported in 1998 at  Kampung Sungai Nipah  village, Malaysia. So virus is named after this village. The natural host of the virus are  fruit bats (Pteropus giganteus)  belonging to the family Pteropodidae.  In 2004, humans were affected after eating the date palm contaminated by infected fruit bats. Pigs can also act as intermediate hosts. Natural host  are those animals in which pathogens reside naturally and not infecting them. Here they grows upto a certain stage of their life cycle. Intermediate hosts  are those in which pathogens reside and not causing harm to them and here they are in inactive state i.e not growing further. Primary host  are those in which pathogens...
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Questions for 28 July zoology

Q:-1 Birds are glorified reptiles. Justify the statement. (15) Q:-2 Describe the pattern of migration of birds. Explain the adaptations for flight in birds. (20) Q:-3 Give the various theories of evolution. What is the modern view on evolution?(15) Q:-4 Mutations Are the Raw Materials of Evolution. Comment. (10)
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Evolution Book By Futuyma, D. J.

An overview of evolutionary biology, concept of organic evolution during pre- and post- Darwin era; evolution and molecular biology- a new synthesis; from molecules to life, life originated from RNA, introns as ancient component of genes. Get the Latest concepts and development in field of evolution.             Click here to Download                                               Download
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CANAL SYSTEM IN Porifera

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Canal system in Porifera (sponges) Body of all sponges is the perforated by large number of apertures through which water enters Inside body and flows through a system of criss-crossing canals collectively forming the canal system which is a characteristic feature of poriferans. Following types of canal systems are found in sponges: Ascon type, with flagellated spongocoel Sycon type, with flagellated radial canals Leucon type, with flagellated chambers Rhagon type, with conical shape and broad base ASCON TYPE This is the simplest type of canal system and is found in  Leucosolenia  and other homocoela. Ostia are present on the surface of body and lead directly into the spongocoel, which is lined by flagellated choanocyte cells. Spongocoel opens to the outside through a narrow circular opening, the  osculum  located at the distal free end of the sponge body. Water enters through ostia into spongocoel and goes out of body through the  osculum . SYCO...
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