Canal system in Porifera (sponges) Body of all sponges is the perforated by large number of apertures through which water enters Inside body and flows through a system of criss-crossing canals collectively forming the canal system which is a characteristic feature of poriferans. Following types of canal systems are found in sponges: Ascon type, with flagellated spongocoel Sycon type, with flagellated radial canals Leucon type, with flagellated chambers Rhagon type, with conical shape and broad base ASCON TYPE This is the simplest type of canal system and is found in Leucosolenia and other homocoela. Ostia are present on the surface of body and lead directly into the spongocoel, which is lined by flagellated choanocyte cells. Spongocoel opens to the outside through a narrow circular opening, the osculum located at the distal free end of the sponge body. Water enters through ostia into spongocoel and goes out of body through the osculum . SYCO...
Q:-1 Describe the composition of blood. Enlist various factors required for clotting with their respective functions. (20) Q:-2 Discuss the mechanism of thermoregulation. (15) Q:-3 Describe the pathology of malaria. Discuss its control. (15) Q:-4 Describe the clinical symptoms and various types of tuberculosis. Discuss its life cycle and preventive measures. (20)
Instructions · All questions are compulsory. · Adhere to world limits wherever specified. · Draw neat and well labelled diagrams. No beautification required. · Don’t use colour pens only pencil colour if you are an extraordinary student. · Try to finish all questions within 2 hours in written. · Answers will be reviewed every day at 9 pm. Q:-1 Discuss the characteristic features of phylum Protozoa. Classify the phylum upto subclasses.(20) Q:-2 Discuss the locomotion in protozoans. Add note on various types of locomotive organs. (20) Q:-3What is protein targeting? Describe the retrograde mode of transportation. (10) Q:-4 What is the protein folding? How it is regulated? Briefly discuss its significance. (15) Q:-5 Discuss various modes of Nutrition in protozoans. (10) Q:-6 Comment on the reproduction in protozoa. Discuss various types of parthenogenesis. (15) Q:-7 Compare the process of O- linked glycosylation and N linked glyco...
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Retrogressive Metamorphosis in Urochordates Metamorphosis is a change from the juvenile to adult stage in which larval stage is quite different from the adult stage. In retrogressive metamorphosis the larva possesses advanced characters which are lost during the development and the adult is either sedentary or degenerated with primitive characters. Urochordate adults, being sedentary show degenerative characters while the free swimming tadpole larva shows advanced chordate characters which are lost during metamorphosis. Parasitic crustaceans, like Sacculina and copepod parasites and stylopids and scale insects (Insecta) also show retrogressive metamorphosis. Retrogressive Metamorphosis in Herdmania The tadpole larva of Herdmania is only 1-2 mm long when it hatches out of the egg. It does not feed and hence has only 3 hours of survival during which it has to swim about in search of a suitable substratum for attachment. The larva needs advanced features for its free swimming existence,...
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